How to Identify and Prevent Heat Related Illnesses This Summer
Date: 06/28/19
As the summer temperatures rise, it is important to try and prevent heat related illness. Everyone can get sick from too much heat. Heat related illnesses can range from severe cramps of the muscles in the arms, legs and stomach to heatstroke.
Heatstroke occurs when your body temperature rises rapidly and you are unable to cool down. Heatstroke is a deadly combination of high body temperature and neurological symptoms. Some people will first get heat exhaustion. That is when the body can no longer keep itself cool. Others will progress directly to heat stroke. The body stops sweating and the skin becomes dry and flushed. Body temperature can be over 100 degrees and the person becomes confused and anxious.
According to the Mayo Clinic, heatstroke signs and symptoms include:
- Fever of 104 F (40 C) or greater
- Changes in mental status or behavior, such as confusion, irritation, slurred speech
- Hot, dry skin or heavy sweating
- Nausea and vomiting
- Flushed skin
- Rapid pulse
- Rapid breathing
- Headache
- Fainting, which may be the first sign in older adults
If you suspect heatstroke, call 911. Then immediately move the person out of the heat and remove excess clothing. To cool them try:
- Place in a tub of cool water or a cool shower.
- Spray with a garden hose.
- Sponge with cool water.
- Fan while misting with cool water.
- Place ice packs or cool wet towels on the neck, armpits and groin.
- Cover with cool damp sheets.
Offer cool water to help rehydrate. You should avoid beverages that are:
- Sugary
- Caffeinated
- Alcoholic
- Very cold